İngilizce Ders - 14

ÖĞRENİLECEK SÖZCÜKLER

begin                                                              başlamak

When did the class begin?                             Ders ne zaman başladı?

bring                                                              getirmek

Linda brought a pear for breakfast.                 Linda kahvaltı için bir armut   
                                                                        getirdi.

report                                                             rapor vermek, tekmil vermek

Did you report to the captain?                        Yüzbaşıya tekmil verdin mi?

salute                                                             selamlamak

Do they salute inside?                                    İçeride selam veriyorlar mı?

smoke                                                             sigara içmek

Don’t smoke in the building.                          Binanın içinde sigara içmeyiniz.

false                                                               yanlış

Your answer is false.                                      Cevabınız yanlıştır.

gold                                                                altın, sarı

A second lieutenant wears gold insignia.       Teğmen sarı rütbe işareti takar.

naval                                                              Donanma’ya ait

Is that a naval base or an air base?                O bir Donanma üssü mü hava
 üssü mü?

silver                                                              gümüş, metalik renk

A major wears silver insignia.                        Binbaşı metalik rütbe işareti takar.

true                                                                 doğru                          

The true answer is C.                                      Doğru cevap C’dir.

with                                                                ile, vasıtasıyla

What do you shave with?                               Neyle tıraş oluyorsunuz?

break                                                              mola, dinlenme

They have a ten-minute break.                       On dakikalık molaları vardır.

butt can                                                          izmarit kutusu               

Put your cigarette in the butt can.                   Sigaranı izmarit kutusuna koy.

cap                                                                 kep

Put your cap on your head.                            Kepini başına tak.

captain/Capt                                                   yüzbaşı/Yzb.    

Capt Davis went to the barracks.                     Yzb. Davis yatakhaneye gitti.

cigarette                                                         sigara

Where did he buy the cigarette?                     Sigarayı nereden aldı?

colonel/Col                                                     albay

What rank comes before colonel?                 Albaydan önce hangi rütbe gelir?

first lieutenant                                                üsteğmen        

Is Lt Martin here?                                           Üsteğmen Martin burada mı?

general/Gen                                                    general

Gen Chong is visiting our country.                 General Chong ülkemizi ziyaret
 ediyor.

I.D. card                                                          kimlik kartı

Do you have an I.D. card,sir?                          Kimlik kartınız var mı, efendim?

identification                                                  kimlik

Show your identification.                                Kimliğinizi gösteriniz.

lieutenant colonel/Lt Col                                 yarbay

Lt Col comes before Colonel.                         Yarbay albaydan önce gelir.

major/Maj                                                       binbaşı

Maj Barnes checked his uniform.                   Bnb. Barnes üniformasını kontrol
etti.

military                                                           askeri, asker   

Are you military?                                            Asker misiniz?

name tag                                                        isimlik  

All soldiers wear name tags.                           Bütün askerler isimlik takarlar.

pack                                                               paket

Buy me a pack of cigarettes, please.             Lütfen bana bir paket sigara 
                                                                       alınız.

post                                                                kışla    

Sgt Smith lives on an Army post.                   Çvş. Smith bir kışlada yaşıyor.

rank                                                                rütbe

What is his rank?                                            Onun rütbesi nedir?

razor                                                               jilet, ustura

Do you shave with a razor?                            Jiletle mi tıraş oluyorsun?

second lieutenant                                           teğmen            

Second lieutenant is reporting to                    Teğmen yüzbaşıya tekmil veriyor.

the captain.

sergeant/Sgt                                                   astsubay çavuş           

Sgt Harris has three stripes.                           Çvş. Harris’in üç çizgisi (pırpırı) var.

stripe                                                              rütbe gösteren çizgi

He has a new stripe today.                             Bugün yeni bir rütbe aldı.

uniform                                                            üniforma                     

Did you wear your uniform to the party?         Partide üniformanı mı giydin?

SIMPLE PAST TENSE – KURALSIZ FİİLLER

Bazı fiiller geçmiş zaman hallerini –ed kuralına göre gerçekleştirmezler.

            Simple Present                       :  We drive to work every day.

            Simple Past                            :  We drove to work yesterday.

            Simple Present                       :  He drives to work every day.

            Simple Past                            :  He drove to work yesterday.

begin                           began

drink                           drank

sit                                sat

swim                           swam

come                           came

get up                          got up

know                           knew

write                            wrote

drive                            drove

speak                          spoke

choose                        chose

eat                               ate

take                             took

stand                           stood

see                              saw

Peter swam after class yesterday.                   Peter dün dersten sonra yüzdü.

He began his homework at 2:00 last night.      Dün gece ikide ödevine başladı.

They sat down and wrote sentences.              Oturdular ve cümleler yazdılar.

She knew all the answers to the questions.    Tüm soruların cevaplarını bildi.

Linda stood up and walked outside.               Linda ayağa kalktı ve dışarı yürüdü.

UYGULAMA A 

Olumsuz cümleleri olumlu cümlelere çeviriniz.

Örnek: Joe didn’t eat a banana. (pear)    He ate a pear.

1. Jackie didn’t sit down at the table. (desk)

    ................................................................................

2. I didn’t know the time of the show. (name)

    .................................................................................

3. The students didn’t come late to class. (on time)

    ..................................................................................

4. Capt Jones didn’t begin his class on time. (late)

    ...................................................................................

5. Lt Campos didn’t speak to Mary. (to Bob)

    ..........................................................................

hear                             heard

say                              said

have                            had

do                               did

leave                           left

sleep                           slept

bring                           brought

put                              put

read                             read

fly                                flew

go                               went

Jim slept all night long.                      Jim tüm gece boyunca uyudu. 

He had lunch at 2:00 p.m.                   Öğleden sonra ikide yemek yedi.

Ron brought hamburgers for lunch.    Ron öğle yemeği için hamburger getirdi.

The teacher said “Good morning!”     Öğretmen “Günaydın!” dedi.

Linda read twenty books last year.      Linda geçen yıl yirmi kitap okudu.

They flew to Europe last month.         Geçen ay Avrupa’ya uçtular.

UYGULAMA B 

Cümleleri evet/hayır sorusuna çeviriniz.

Örnek: His mother took the bus yesterday. (this morning)

            Did his mother take the bus this morning, too?

1. I got up early this morning. (last Saturday)

   ...................................................................................

2. She ate an apple for breakfast yesterday. (today)

    ..................................................................................

3. He wrote to his brother. (his sister)

    ..................................................................................

4. They swam last week. (this week)

    ...................................................................................

5. Lee heard the children outside. (inside)

    ....................................................................................

SIMPLE PAST TENSE – WH- SORULARI

Who, what, when, where, what time, how many, whose ve how often soru sözcükleri ile soru cümlesi oluşturma kurallarını geniş zaman konusunda öğrenmiştik. Geçmiş zaman soru cümlelerinde aynı kurallar geçerlidir.

Parçayı okuyunuz.

Mark went to the movies last Saturday. He drove his father’s car. Before the movie, he bought a snack. He saw two movies. Then he drove home at 10:00 p.m.

Paragrafın birinci cümlesinde kimin sinemaya gittiğini öğrenmek için:

Who went to the movies last Saturday?   Kim geçen Cumartesi sinemaya gitti?

Nereye gittiğini öğrenmek için:

Where did Mark go last Saturday?           Geçen Cumartesi Mark nereye gitti?

Ne zaman gittiğini öğrenmek için:

When did Mark go to the movies?            Mark ne zaman sinemaya gitti?

soruları sorulur.

İkinci cümlede kimin arabasını kullandığını sormak için:

Whose car did he drive?                     Kimin arabasını kullandı?

sorusu sorulur.

Üçüncü cümlede ne satın aldığı:

What did he buy?                                Ne satın aldı?

sorusu ile öğrenilir.

Dördüncü cümlede kaç film seyrettiğine:

How many movies did he see?           Kaç tane film izledi?

sorusu ile cevap aranır.

Eve ne zaman döndüğü sorulacaksa:

What time did he drive home?            Eve kaçta döndü?

sorusu sorulur.

ÖNEMLİ NOT   Who sözcüğünün soru cümlesinin öznesi olduğunda did yardımcı fiili kullanılmayıp doğrudan fiilin ikinci halinin kullanıldığına dikkat ediniz.

UYGULAMA C 

Paragrafı okuyunuz ve wh- soruları oluşturunuz.

Sgt Brown went to the BX yesterday afternoon. He bought a razor and three tapes. He bought a pack of cigarettes, too. At home, he listened to the tapes. Then, his son came home. He liked the tapes.

1. Where / Sgt Brown

   .................................................................................

2. What /buy

    ................................................................................

3. What /listen to

    ..................................................................................

4. Who / come

    ..................................................................................

5. How many tapes / buy

    ..................................................................................

UYGULAMA CEVAPLARI

A. 1. He sat down at the desk.    2. I knew the name of the show.      3. They came to class on time.       4. He began his class late.      5. He spoke to Bob.

B. 1. Did you get up early last Saturday, too?       2. Did she eat an apple for breakfast today, too?     3. Did he write to his sister, too?      4. Did they swim this week, too?      5. Did he hear the children inside, too?